Detecting & Combating HIV in 3D

2015 Video Challenge

For the second year in a row, the RCSB PDB invited high school students to create short videos that tell a story about HIV/AIDS. This time the entries were to focus on the molecular view combatting and containing the virus. The students could choose from one of the following topics:

HIV testing
Antiretroviral drugs and HAART
Drug resistance
The search for a vaccine
The search for a cure

Students were tasked to include a visualization/animation of at least one of the molecular structures from the 2015 Video Challenge Featured Structures List, and include a message about the importance of testing.

The video submission opened on March 4, 2015 and concluded on May 31, 2015. The submitted videos can be viewed online. Award winners were announced at rcsb.org on June 16, 2015.

Our panel of expert judges scored the videos based on scientific content (40%), creativity (20%), overall impact (10%), originality of concept (10%), entertainment value (10%), and production quality (10%). In addition, the viewers were invited to vote for the Viewer's Choice Award.

Additional Service to the Community Award was awarded by the AIDS Education Training Center (AETC) National Resource Center. AETC committed to include the winning video among the training materials for health care professionals, patients and their families.

Many thanks to the expert scientists, students, teachers, parents, judges, and voters who made this exciting competition happen!

Congratulations to the 2015 Winners:

Battling HIV: The Search for a Cure

By Calvin Qian, Matthew Brown, Charles Morse, and Justin Halim of Academy of Allied Health and Science, Neptune City, NJ (Team Advisor: Richard Tempsick)

Winner of the Judge's Award First Place
Winner of the Service to the Community Award

The Search for a Vaccine for HIV

By Alexa Skolnik and Maryann Zielinski of East Brunswick High School, East Brunswick, NJ (Team Advisor: Anne Sanelli)

Winner of the Judge's Award Second Place

HAART: A Stop Motion Story

By Justin May, Katarina Wang, Akshay Malavade, and Joy Song of East Brunswick High School, East Brunswick, NJ (Team Advisor: Louise Jasko)

Winner of the Judge's Award Third Place

The Search for a Vaccine

By Naszir Johnson, Henry Lucas, Matt Weiler, and Valeria Rodriguez of Engineering and Science University Magnet School, Hamden, CT (Team Advisor: Leon Tynes)

Winner of the Viewer's Choice Award

2015 Video Challenge Featured Structures List

PDB ID	Brief Molecular Description	PDB Visualization Tips	Selected RCSB PDB resources
Topic 1: HIV testing. HIV tests use antibodies against HIV proteins to detect the presence of HIV in the blood
1e6j	Part of the antibody (termed "Fab" for "antigen-binding fragment") bound to the viral capsid	Chains H and L contain the Fab; chain P is the viral capsid	Molecule of the Month articles on Antibodies HIV capsid Paper model of the HIV capsid
1afv		Chains H and L are one Fab, chains K and M are a second Fab; chains A and B are the capsid protein
1igt, 1igy, 1hzh	Intact antibodies
Topic 2: Antiretroviral drugs and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
Protease
2aoi, 2aoj, 2aod	Protease with substrate analog of cleavage sites	Use the Ligand Chemical Component section of each Structure Summary page to learn about the chemical components attached to the protein 2aoi, 2aoj, 1hxb: use the only alternate position A of inhibitor	The Structural Biology of HIV Interactive Animation and/or Poster Molecule of the Month on HIV-1 Protease How do drugs work poster Ligand Explorer
1hsg, 1hxb, 1hxw, 1ohr, 1hpv	Examples of HIV protease with clinically-used drugs
HIV Reverse Transcriptase
2hmi, 1hys	Reverse transcriptase in complex with nucleic acids	Chains C and D are a monoclonal antibody added to stabilize the protein for crystallization and should be omitted; chain E in each is the template nucleic acid strand, and chain F is the strand being synthesized	Molecule of the Month on HIV Reverse Transcriptase Lecture by Rutgers Professor Eddy Arnold "HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Structure and Function: Drugs by Design and Recent Innovations" The Structural Biology of HIV Interactive Animation and/or Poster How do drugs work poster Ligand Explorer
1jlb	HIV reverse transcriptase with Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)	NVP is the drug nevirapine
Integrase
1ex4	Catalytic core of the HIV-1 Integrase	Some domains are missing. Use a structure comparison tool e.g., Structure Comparison in Chimera to compare this structure to e.g. 3os1 to identify the DNA binding region	Molecule of the Month article on Integrase The Structural Biology of HIV Interactive Animation or Poster Visualization Tutorial: Finding and visualizing HIV-related protein-drug complexes How do drugs work poster Ligand Explorer
3os1	Prototype Foamy Virus (which is similar to HIV) integrase bound to DNA	Use the biological assembly file for visualization. 3os1: viral DNA is found in chains C and D, and target host DNA is in chain T 3oya: viral DNA is found in chains C and D, and the drug raltegravir is labeled RLT
3oya	PFV integrase bound to the drug raltegravir
CCR5
4mbs	C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) with the drug maraviroc; first drug that targets a host protein instead of HIV	Use biological assembly file (only chain A); residues 1001-1054 represents rubredoxin, which was engineered into the protein to assist crystallization and should not be displayed	PSI Featured System: CCR5 and HIV Infection
Topic 3: Drug resistance
2az8, 2az9, 2azb, 2azc	Structures of HIV protease that show the development of resistance against an experimental drug molecule	2az8 is the wild type, 2az9 has one mutation and is 4-fold resistant, 2azb has three mutations and is 11-fold resistant, and 2azc has six mutations and is 30-fold resistant; use the biological assembly file for 2az8, 2az9 and 2azb	Ligand Explorer Molecule of the Month on HIV-1 Protease
Topic 4: The search for a vaccine
4nco	Broadly-neutralizing antibody bound to HIV envelope glycoprotein - these are the types of antibodies that need to be elicited by a vaccine	three antibody Fab are: C+D, G+H, K+L	Molecule of the Month on Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies HIV Envelope Glycoprotein
Topic 5: The search for a cure
4mbs	CCR5 - Some experimental approaches attempt to remove C-C chemokine receptor type 5 from susceptible cells	Use biological assembly file (only chain A); residues 1001-1054 represents rubredoxin, which was engineered into the protein to assist crystallization and should not be displayed	PSI Featured System: CCR5 and HIV Infection
4un3, 4oo8	Some experimental approaches attempt to introduce DNA-cutting molecules like Cas9/CRISPR into HIV-infected cells	4un3: chain A is the CRISPR guide RNA, and C+D is the targeted DNA; 4oo8: use only one biological assembly with chain A (Cas9), chain B (CRISPR guide RNA), and chain C (target DNA)	Molecule of the Month on Cascade and CRISPR