Molecule of the Month
August 2026

Histone Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Complexes

Enzymes that add and remove marks from chromosomes to keep gene regulation in balance

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Irving Geis (1908-1997) was a gifted artist who helped illuminate the field of structural biology with his iconic images. The Geis Digital Archive features many of his illustrations in the context of their molecular structures.

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Cytochrome c (unbound)

Induced Lac Repressor

Lysozyme (512)

DNA

Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus (TBSV)

DPG-Hemoglobin Complex

B-DNA

Lac Repressor

Deoxyhemoglobin

Oxyhemoglobin

Lysozyme (488)

Ribonuclease S

Cytochrome c

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Z-DNA

Hemoglobin S

Hemoglobin (1000)

TATA-Binding Protein (TBP)

Myoglobin Fold

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Intermolecular Contacts in Hemoglobin S

Carboxypeptidase A

Trypsin

Collagen

A-DNA

Hemoglobin

Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA)

Myohemerythrin

Crambin

Myoglobin

Aspartate Transcarbamoylase (ATCase)

The Molecular Landscapes by David S. Goodsell integrate information from structural biology, microscopy and biophysics to simulate detailed views of the molecular structure of living cells.

Illustrations are free for use under a CC-BY-4.0 license

Model of a Mycoplasma Cell

Coronavirus

Biosites: Blood Plasma

Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses

Influenza Virus

Autophagy

Biosites: Muscle

Escherichia coli Bacterium

Measles Virus Proteins

SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Antibodies

Caulobacter Polar Microdomain

Myelin

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine

Insulin Action

SARS-CoV-2 Fusion

Biosites: Basement Membrane

Poliovirus Neutralization

Insulin Release

Bacteriophage T4 Infection

RecA and DNA

Transfer RNA and Gag Protein

Biosites: Nucleus

Abiogenesis

Biosites: Red Blood Cell

Escherichia coli

Mycoplasma mycoides

Phage-based COVID-19 Vaccine

JCVI-syn3A Minimal Cell

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VegF) Signaling

CytoSkeleton

Immunological Synapse

Zika Virus

HIV Vaccine

Ebola Virus

Influenza Vaccine

Myoglobin in a Whale Muscle Cell

HIV-Infected Cell

Biosites: Cytoplasm

Blood

Cellulose Synthase

Last Universal Common Ancestor

Red Blood Cell Cytoskeleton

Lipid Droplets

Casein Micelle and Fat Globule in Milk

Kinetochore

Coronavirus Life Cycle

HIV in Blood Plasma

Chloroplast

Collagen and Extracellular Matrix

Respiratory Droplet