Molecule of the Month
May 2025

TOC-TIC Translocon

The large TOC-TIC supercomplex transports proteins into the chloroplast

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Irving Geis (1908-1997) was a gifted artist who helped illuminate the field of structural biology with his iconic images. The Geis Digital Archive features many of his illustrations in the context of their molecular structures.

Images used with permission from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (www.hhmi.org). All rights reserved.

Hemoglobin

Carboxypeptidase A

Intermolecular Contacts in Hemoglobin S

Crambin

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Deoxyhemoglobin

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Trypsin

Lysozyme (488)

DPG-Hemoglobin Complex

TATA-Binding Protein (TBP)

Ribonuclease S

Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA)

Z-DNA

Cytochrome c

A-DNA

Myohemerythrin

Lysozyme (512)

Aspartate Transcarbamoylase (ATCase)

Hemoglobin S

Hemoglobin (1000)

B-DNA

Induced Lac Repressor

Collagen

Myoglobin Fold

Myoglobin

Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus (TBSV)

DNA

Lac Repressor

Oxyhemoglobin

Cytochrome c (unbound)

The Molecular Landscapes by David S. Goodsell integrate information from structural biology, microscopy and biophysics to simulate detailed views of the molecular structure of living cells.

Illustrations are free for use under a CC-BY-4.0 license

Casein Micelle and Fat Globule in Milk

Transfer RNA and Gag Protein

Red Blood Cell Cytoskeleton

Zika Virus

Immunological Synapse

Chloroplast

Biosites: Blood Plasma

HIV Vaccine

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VegF) Signaling

Coronavirus Life Cycle

Biosites: Red Blood Cell

Influenza Vaccine

SARS-CoV-2 Fusion

RecA and DNA

Collagen and Extracellular Matrix

Biosites: Cytoplasm

Cellulose Synthase

CytoSkeleton

Measles Virus Proteins

Influenza Virus

Blood

Abiogenesis

Escherichia coli Bacterium

Model of a Mycoplasma Cell

SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Antibodies

Insulin Action

Mycoplasma mycoides

Last Universal Common Ancestor

Respiratory Droplet

Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses

Lipid Droplets

HIV in Blood Plasma

Myoglobin in a Whale Muscle Cell

JCVI-syn3A Minimal Cell

Kinetochore

Escherichia coli

Bacteriophage T4 Infection

Autophagy

Ebola Virus

Myelin

Coronavirus

Biosites: Nucleus

Poliovirus Neutralization

Insulin Release

Biosites: Basement Membrane

Biosites: Muscle

Phage-based COVID-19 Vaccine

Caulobacter Polar Microdomain

HIV-Infected Cell

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine