![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/89/89_2b3y-2ipy-tn.jpg) |
Aconitase and Iron Regulatory Protein 1
Aconitase performs a reaction in the citric acid cycle, and moonlights as a regulatory protein
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/13/1htb-tn.gif) |
Alcohol Dehydrogenase
Alcohol dehydrogenase detoxifies the ethanol we drink
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/74/74_1ppi-tn.gif) |
Alpha-amylase
Amylases digest starch to produce glucose
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/72/ATPsynthase-tn.gif) |
ATP Synthase
ATP synthase links two rotary motors to generate ATP
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/27/1fbb-twoviews-tn.gif) |
Bacteriorhodopsin
Bacteriorhodopsin pumps protons powered by green sunlight
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/198/198-betaGalactosidase-1jz8-tn.jpg) |
Beta-galactosidase
Beta-galactosidase is a powerful tool for genetic engineering of bacteria
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/216/216-Biodegradable_Plastic-5t6o_composite-tn.jpg) |
Biodegradable Plastic
Bacteria build biodegradable plastic that could be better for the environment
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/281/Cel7A_homepage-tn.png) |
Cellulases and Bioenergy
Powerful fungal enzymes break down cellulose during industrial production of ethanol from plant material.
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/93/pdb93_1cts-2cts-tn.jpg) |
Citrate Synthase
Citrate synthase opens and closes around its substrates as part of the citric acid cycle
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/154/154-CitricAcidCycle_citricacidcycle-tn.jpg) |
Citric Acid Cycle
Eight enzymes form a cyclic pathway for energy production and biosynthesis
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/144/144-ComplexI_3m9s_3rko-tn.jpg) |
Complex I
A proton-pumping protein complex performs the first step of the respiratory electron transport chain
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/137/137-Cytochromebc1_3h1j-tn.jpg) |
Cytochrome bc1
A flow of electrons powers proton pumps in cellular respiration and photosynthesis
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/36/3cyt-twoviews-tn.gif) |
Cytochrome c
Cytochrome c shuttles electrons during the production of cellular energy
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/5/1oco-tn.gif) |
Cytochrome c Oxidase
Cytochrome oxidase extracts energy from food using oxygen
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/90/90_fas-tn.jpg) |
Fatty Acid Synthase
Fatty acids are constructed in many sequential steps by a large protein complex
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/174/174-GFPLikeProteins_1g7k-tn.jpg) |
GFP-like Proteins
GFP-like proteins found in nature or engineered in the laboratory now span every color of the rainbow
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/24/6gpb-2views-tn.gif) |
Glycogen Phosphorylase
Glycogen phosphorylase releases sugar from its cellular storehouse
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/50/glycolysis-tn.gif) |
Glycolytic Enzymes
The ten enzymes of glycolysis break down sugar in our diet
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/42/1gfl-tn.gif) |
Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)
A tiny fluorescent protein from jellyfish has revolutionized cell biology
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/240/240-HypoxiaInducible_Factors-1lqb_homepage-tn.png) |
Hypoxia-Inducible Factors
HIF-α is a molecular switch that responds to changing oxygen levels.
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/129/pdb129-3blw_9icd-tn.jpg) |
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
Atomic structures have revealed the catalytic steps of a citric acid cycle enzyme
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/102/102_3ldh-tn.jpg) |
Lactate Dehydrogenase
Our cells temporarily build lactate when supplies of oxygen are low
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/78/78_2d1s-tn.jpg) |
Luciferase
Organisms from fireflies to bacteria use luciferase to emit light
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/1/1-Myoglobin-geis-0218-myoglobin-tn.png) |
Myoglobin
Myoglobin was the first protein to have its atomic structure determined, revealing how it stores oxygen in muscle cells.
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/244/244-Photosynthetic_Supercomplexes-5xnl_homepage-tn.png) |
Photosynthetic Supercomplexes
Light is captured by huge supercomplexes of photosystems and antenna systems.
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/22/1jb0-tn.gif) |
Photosystem I
Photosystem I captures the energy in sunlight
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/183/183-Phototropin_phototropin-tn.jpg) |
Phototropin
Phototrophins sense the level of blue light, allowing plants to respond to changing environmental conditions
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/153/153-PyruvateDehydrogenaseComplex_pyruvatedehydrogenase-tn.jpg) |
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
A huge molecular complex links three sequential reactions for energy production
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/270/4fxf_homepage-tn.png) |
Pyruvate Kinase M2
Pyruvate kinases are the paradoxical gatekeepers for cancer cell metabolism and growth.
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/273/5xth_homepage-tn.png) |
Respiratory Supercomplex
In our mitochondria, three electron-transport complexes assemble into a supercomplex.
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/147/147-Rhodopsin_1f88-tn.jpg) |
Rhodopsin
In our eyes, rhodopsin uses the molecule retinal to see light
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![](https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/motm/46/serine-proteases-tn.gif) |
Trypsin
An activated serine amino acid in trypsin cleaves protein chains
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