Molecule of the Month
January 2025

Assembly Line Polyketide Synthases

Large multienzyme complexes that synthesize diverse small molecules in a stepwise manner.

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3D View:  7S6C

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Irving Geis (1908-1997) was a gifted artist who helped illuminate the field of structural biology with his iconic images. The Geis Digital Archive features many of his illustrations in the context of their molecular structures.

Images used with permission from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (www.hhmi.org). All rights reserved.

Collagen

A-DNA

Myoglobin

Hemoglobin S

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Induced Lac Repressor

Carboxypeptidase A

Hemoglobin (1000)

Aspartate Transcarbamoylase (ATCase)

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Lac Repressor

Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA)

Crambin

B-DNA

Ribonuclease S

Deoxyhemoglobin

Hemoglobin

Z-DNA

Intermolecular Contacts in Hemoglobin S

Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus (TBSV)

DPG-Hemoglobin Complex

DNA

Lysozyme (512)

Lysozyme (488)

Myohemerythrin

Cytochrome c

Myoglobin Fold

Oxyhemoglobin

Cytochrome c (unbound)

Trypsin

TATA-Binding Protein (TBP)

The Molecular Landscapes by David S. Goodsell integrate information from structural biology, microscopy and biophysics to simulate detailed views of the molecular structure of living cells.

Illustrations are free for use under a CC-BY-4.0 license

Insulin Action

JCVI-syn3A Minimal Cell

Zika Virus

Immunological Synapse

Ebola Virus

Myelin

HIV-Infected Cell

Biosites: Red Blood Cell

Respiratory Droplet

Caulobacter Polar Microdomain

Casein Micelle and Fat Globule in Milk

Poliovirus Neutralization

Coronavirus

Mycoplasma mycoides

Influenza Vaccine

Influenza Virus

Collagen and Extracellular Matrix

Biosites: Blood Plasma

Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses

Insulin Release

Biosites: Basement Membrane

SARS-CoV-2 Fusion

Coronavirus Life Cycle

Bacteriophage T4 Infection

Myoglobin in a Whale Muscle Cell

HIV in Blood Plasma

HIV Vaccine

Blood

Biosites: Cytoplasm

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VegF) Signaling

Kinetochore

Escherichia coli

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine

Biosites: Nucleus

Lipid Droplets

SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Antibodies

Chloroplast

Red Blood Cell Cytoskeleton

CytoSkeleton

Abiogenesis

Transfer RNA and Gag Protein

Escherichia coli Bacterium

Phage-based COVID-19 Vaccine

Last Universal Common Ancestor

Autophagy

Cellulose Synthase

Model of a Mycoplasma Cell

Biosites: Muscle

RecA and DNA

Measles Virus Proteins